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The Following-observing Method for Substance Flow Analysis

Lu Zhongwu

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 18-25

Abstract: substance flow.Correspondingly, two methods for substance flow analysis were advanced : one of them is “ following-observingflow (constant output of product), but also for unsteady substance flow (increasing or decreasing outputThe following-observing model of substance flow was explained by using iron flow diagram in the lifeIntroducing the degree of unsteady-state, a set of basic equations for calculating the indexes of substance

Keywords： methods of substance flow analysis following-observing method for substance flow analysis basic equationsfor substance flow analysis degree of unsteadiness of substance flow

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Vanadium metabolism investigation using substance flow and scenario analysis

Fangfang ZHANG, Huiquan LI, Bo CHEN, Xue GUAN, Yi ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 256-266 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0585-1

Abstract: Based on the characteristics of vanadium life cycle and substance flow analysis (SFA) framework, we present

Keywords： metabolism vanadium industry substance flow analysis scenario analysis

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Evaluation of global niobium flow modeling and its market forecasting

Frontiers in Energy 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages 286-293 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0823-y

Abstract: Therefore, this paper will discuss different thoughts in material substitution and the substance flowof Nb throughout a static flow using Nb global data to have a better understanding of the process of

Keywords： niobium (Nb) sustainability substance flow analysis recycling industrial ecology

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Substance flow analysis for an urban drainage system of a representative hypothetical city in China

Hua BAI, Siyu ZENG, Xin DONG, Jining CHEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 746-755 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0551-y

Abstract: This paper discusses the use of substance flow analysis (SFA) as a tool to support quantified researchBased on the principle of mass balance, a static substance flow model is established to describe and

Keywords： substance flow analysis (SFA) urban drainage system representative hypothetical city (RH city) water

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Sinks of steel in China–addition to in-use stock, export and loss

Hua GUO,Tianzhu ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 141-149 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0696-3

Abstract: China has become the largest producer of crude steel in the world since 1996, which places the country under huge pressure in terms of resources, energy, and the environment. Examining the driver of steel demand is of great significance to the structural adjustment and sustainable development of the steel industry. The researchers calculate the steel demand in China from 2000 to 2009 based on three sinks (steel stock, export, and loss) by taking the four stages of steel life cycle (production, fabrication and manufacturing, use, and waste management and recycling) as the study object. The researchers conclude that addition to in-use stock is the main driver of steel demand and that the 10-year average addition to in-use stock accounted for 77% of the steel sinks, in which 55% of the addition occurs in the building sector, and the steel for this segment is of low strength with large consumption. Based on the analysis of existing policies, the researchers propose that the steel demand structure will develop toward diversification and that the building sector will realize the upgrade of products as soon as possible to improve construction quality. Under the pressure of rising cost for imported resources, the export ratio of steel products should be controlled appropriately. Thus, recycling economy should be developed to reduce steel losses.

Keywords： steel demand driver Material Flow Analysis (MFA) Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) addition to in-use stock

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Effects of a structurally related substance on the crystallization of paracetamol

Ali SALEEMI, I.I. ONYEMELUKWE, Zoltan NAGY

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 79-87 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1308-7

Abstract: Paracetamol (PCM) was crystallized from an isopropanol (IPA) solution containing various small amounts of metacetamol as an additive. The effect on the nucleation kinetics was studied by measuring the induction time to nucleation and the metastable zone width using focused beam reflectance measurements (FBRM) and attenuated total reflectance (ATR-UV/Vis) spectroscopy. Both the induction time and the metastable zone width were expressed as functions of the additive concentration. Small amounts of metacetamol (1–4 mol-%) were found to cause significant inhibition to the nucleation by extending both the induction time and the metastable zone width. A progressive change in the morphology of the paracetamol crystals from tabular to columnar habit was observed with increasing metacetamol concentration. The solvent also had a significant effect on the size of the paracetamol crystals as smaller crystals were obtained in IPA than in aqueous solution. The dissolution rate of paracetamol was improved by the incorporation of metacetamol with 4 mol-% having the most effect. A supersaturation control (SSC) approach was implemented for the PCM-IPA system with and without metacetamol in an attempt to control and obtain larger metacetamol-doped paracetamol crystals.

Keywords： acetaminophen metacetamol crystallization metastable zone width induction time supersaturation control

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Analysis of synergy degree and its influencing factors in hydropower EPC project management

Jiwei ZHU, Hua GAO, Jiangrui WANG

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2021, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 402-411 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0098-0

Abstract: The mechanism and factors that influence the degree of management synergy are analyzed on the basis ofanalysis is utilized to identify the key factors that affect the synergy degree.Results show that the order degree of each subsystem presents a steady upward trend.Specifically, the order degree of the subsystem at the trial operation stage is low, which is the majorrestriction on the further improvement of the synergy degree of EPC project management.

Keywords： hydropower project EPC mode synergy degree model grey relational analysis

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On the location of the secondary instantaneous poles in two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 34-40 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0290-1

Abstract: presents a theorem showing analytically that the locus of an unknown secondary instant pole in two-degree-of-freedom

Keywords： spherical mechanisms instantaneous poles great circle angular velocity

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Stiffness of a 3-degree of freedom translational parallel kinematic machine

S. SHANKAR GANESH,A.B. KOTESWARA RAO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 233-241 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0312-z

Abstract:

In this paper, a typical 3-degree of freedom (3-DOF) translational parallel kinematic machine

Keywords： 3-DOF translational PKM inverse kinematics stiffness modeling translational stiffness

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A survey of instantaneous poles for a class of two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages 344-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0320-z

Abstract:

This paper is a detailed exploration of instantaneous poles for a class of two-degree-of-freedom (

Keywords： spherical mechanisms instantaneous poles Aronhold-Kennedy theorem great circles pencil of meridian

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Error analysis and optimization of a 3-degree of freedom translational Parallel Kinematic Machine

S. SHANKAR GANESH,A. B. KOTESWARA RAO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 120-129 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0300-3

Abstract:

In this paper, error modeling and analysis of a typical 3-degree of freedom translational Parallel

Keywords： translational Parallel Kinematic Machine error modeling global error transformation index

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Microbial responses to the use of NaClO in sediment treatment

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1451-1

Abstract:

• Chlorine addition enhanced the release of TOC, TN from the sediment.

Keywords： Sediment chlorination Substance mobility Microbial response Community composition Function

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Study on high efficient and clean utilization of coal

Chen Yinying, Wang Shujuan, Chen Changhe, Xu Xuchang

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages 51-56

Abstract: China were analyzed, and an index system for efficient and clean utilization of coal, including clean degree, eco-friendly degree, and low-carbon degree was developed.

Keywords： clean coal power generation clean degree energy sustainable development comprehensive index eco-friendlydegree low-carbon degree

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The Consolidation of Highly Saturated Soils and Saturation Degree's Influence

Jin Zhigao

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 9, Pages 73-76

Abstract: consolidating process of highly saturated soil are discussed according to the variety of saturation degreeThe influence of saturation degree changing on porous fluid compressibility as well as the whole consolidation

Keywords： consolidation saturated degree elasticity modulus compressing

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Real atom economy and its application for evaluation the green degree of a process

Weihan WANG, Jing Lü, Li ZHANG, Zhenhua LI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 349-354 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1030-7

Abstract: But it is not enough to reflect the conversion degree of raw material.RAE could combine the above two factors together to better express the green degree of a process.

Keywords： green chemistry real atom economy E factor atom economy yield